Context
The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) is considering raising Border Wing Home Guards (BWHGs) along the China border, on the lines of their deployment along the India–Pakistan border. Given the 3,488 km-long Line of Actual Control (LAC) and recurring tensions, this proposal aims to strengthen border vigilance and integrate local communities into security efforts.
About Border Wing Home Guards (BWHGs)
What it is?
- A voluntary auxiliary force drawn from the local civilian population in border areas.
- Provides support to the Army and border guarding forces during emergencies, conflicts, and intelligence operations.
Origin & Ministry Involved
- Raised under the Home Guards Act, 1962.
- Comes under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) and coordinated with State Governments.
- Seven States authorised: Meghalaya, Tripura, Assam, West Bengal, Punjab, Rajasthan, Gujarat.
- Currently operational only in Rajasthan.
Aims & Objectives
- Supplement regular forces by relaying intelligence, aiding in patrolling, and maintaining law and order.
- Mobilise local population for security and community vigilance.
- Extend support in disaster response, rescue operations, and logistical tasks during crises.
Key Features
- Voluntary force with enlistment for 3–4 years.
- Pay & Training: Around 25% cost borne by Centre; daily wage of ₹800–900, comparable to constable salary.
- Strength: As of 2025, 2,279 active members in Rajasthan.
- Operational Role: Proved effective in Operation Sindoor, especially in ground-level intelligence and communication.
Significance
- Force Multiplier: Augments Army and ITBP presence across the LAC.
- Community Integration: Acts as a bridge between villagers and security agencies, enhancing trust and cooperation.
- Cost-Effective: Uses local manpower with minimal infrastructure requirements, making it a sustainable security model.
Conclusion
The proposed deployment of BWHGs along the China border demonstrates a strategic approach to grassroots border management. By leveraging local knowledge, manpower, and trust, the force can serve as a cost-effective and community-driven multiplier to formal security mechanisms. If implemented, it would not only strengthen India’s border security but also empower local communities in sensitive regions.
Source : The Hindu
